Category Archives: cancer

Colon cancer

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Colon cancer

Cancer is one of the most threatening health conditions in the world. In the last few decades, case of patients who are diagnosed with cancer has been on the rise, which is attributed to changing lifestyle patterns that increases exposure to cancerous materials. Apart from rising case of cancer, it has been noted that new forms of cancers have been recorded.  Colon cancer is one type of cancers that cause more than 655,000 deaths in the world every year. Colon cancer is the fifth most common type of cancer in United States (Weitzel, 2009). It has also been ranked as the third largest cause of cancer related deaths in developed world. Colon cancers are cancer growths in colon, rectum, or in the appendix. It is more prevalent in old people. Colon cancer can have negative effects on the elderly patients unless they get necessary treatment and social assistance (Baron et al., (2005).  Social work can play a grater role in alleviation of effects of colon cancers among elderly.

Colon cancer is scientifically referred to as colorectal cancer.  It is also referred to as large bowel cancer. It mainly include cancerous growths on the colon, rectum, or in the appendix. Colon cancer emanates from adenomatous polyps mainly found in the colon (Weitzel, 2009).  Adenomatous polyps are mushroom-shaped, that are benign in nature, although some of them develop into cancer over a period of time.

Invasive colon cancer is usually confined to colon wall. These cancerous cells are in stage I and II and can be cured through surgery (Baron et al., (2005).  However, if they are left untreated, they usually spread within a short period of time to other regions mainly growing in lymph nodes. By this time, invasive colon cancers are usually in stage III.  Colon cancer in stage III can also be treated but treatment is not that effective (Weitzel, 2009). Only 73% of the cancerous cells can be cured either through surgery or through chemotherapy.

If left untreated at this stage, colon cancer cells moves to stage IV. At state IV, colon cancerous cells metastasize and grow at distant sites (Weitzel, 2009). In most cases, colorectal cancer usually spread to the liver which mainly causes jaundice and abdominal pain. This is the last stage in cell growth and it is not curable. However, the life of the patient can be extended mainly through chemotherapy. It has also been noted that in some cases, surgery combined with chemotherapy can cure the patient.

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Colon cancer can occur at any age (Weitzel, 2009). However, research evidence shows that the risk for colon cancer increase with age and double every ten years after one attains the age of forty years.  Colon cancer is mainly described as a disease of the elderly since more than 75% of individuals with colon cancer are aged 75 years and above (Baron et al., (2005). Median age for diagnoses of cancer stands at 72 years. In the United States, the incidence of cancer is 35/100,000 (Weitzel, 2009). This means that 1 in every 20 people are likely to suffer from colon cancer in their lifetime. However, research evidence shows that older patients are under-represented in clinical trials which imply that it has become difficult to understand the comparison between prevalence in older adults and young people.

Signs and symptoms of colorectal cancers varies depending on the part of the bowel which is affected by the tumor and whether the cancerous cells reaches stage IV and metastasizes to other body parts (Ades, 2009). However, it is sometimes difficult to diagnose colorectal cancers because these symptoms usually occur in other body parts. Local symptoms occur when the tumor is close to anus (Baron et al., (2005). Therefore, they include constipation, diarrhea, tenesmus, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, mucus, bloody stool, and many others. Sometimes, the cancer may develop into a large tumor that may obstruct the lumen leading to bowel obstruction. This leads to constipation, abdominal pain, vomiting, and other symptoms. Perforated or distended bowel leads to peritonitis. Constitutional symptoms occurs when there advances (Weitzel, 2009). For example due to bleeding patients may experience iron deficiency anemia leading to fatigue, palpitations, weight loss, and others. Symptoms of cancer may also include metastatic symptoms like jaundice, pale stool, and others which cancer spread to the liver.

Colon cancer takes many years to grow and hence early detection can be tricky although it increases the chances of cure of the condition (Cummings and Bingham, 1998).  Colon cancer is usually diagnosed through colonoscopy. However, there are many methods that are employed in screening of cancer. These include digital rectal exam (DRE) using gloved finger inserted in the distal area, fecal occult blood test (FOBT) which tests blood in the stool, and endoscopy (Weitzel, 2009). Endoscopy mainly involves sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. However, there are other screening methods like double contrast barium enema (DCBE), virtual colonoscopy, standard computed axial tomography, and others which are used in testing colon cancer.

Course of Illness, Lifespan and Family-focused Intervention

Colon cancer is one of the most complicated health conditions that affect old people.  Due to the weakness of their body symptoms, they are at an increased risk compared to other population groups owing to these factors.  When diagnosed with the condition, old people are likely to get into deep crisis on managing their life and they are more likely to become dependant on their family members and friends for care.  When diagnosed with the condition, old people enter into a crisis period before they can accept that they have the condition. This phase can be worse for the patient especially if they don’t have other people to support them by their side (Marshall and Altpeter, 2005).  Emotional disturbances and may lack of social support may easily led to aggravation of the disease symptoms and hence patients will enter into a chronic stage. This is a dangerous phase and if not taken care of, patients can easily die from the condition. However, if they have good care after the diagnosis of the condition, they can easily recover from the initial crisis.  If an elderly person has someone who can take good care of the patient, they are in position to seek medical advice and hence recover faster compared to when they do not have anyone to take care of them.  The terminal phase is the worst phase that patients have to deal with. At terminal phase, patients suffer pain and need constant attention and care. This phase may present challenge for the patient and caretakers and in case of older people, they may be taken to a nursing home or an elderly home where they are taken care of. Terminal phase in coronary cancer is challenging phase even for patients since they understand that they are going to die.

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Most common Types of Cancer – Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

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Most common Types of Cancer – Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma, a type of lymphoma is also known as Hodgkin’s Disease started from the lymph nodes in the chest, armpits and neck. It was named under Thomas Hodgkin, for first to describe the abnormalities of the lymph system in 1832. Hodgkin’s lyphoma, is invasive and tends to spread orderly from one lymph node group to another. It is not a common disease with approximately 800 and 7000 of new cases reported every year in Canada and US accordingly and mostly occurs to young adults and after the age of 45.

Types of Hodgkin’s lymphoma
1. Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NSHD)
It is the most common type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, accounted for 60% to 80% of all cases originated from the lymph nodes of the chest, including the upper diaphragm and abdominal muscles that control breathing just under the lung.

2. Mixed cellularity Hodgkin’slymphoma (MCHD)
It is another type of Hodgkin’s lymphma, accounted for 15 – 30% of all cases and tends to affect the lymph nodes of the abdomen, the neck and armpits and men than women with all ages.

3. Lymphocyte depletion Hodgkin’s lymphoma (LDHD)
It is a rare type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma accounted less than 1% of all cases and occurred more often in the undeveloped world. Most of the time it is detected without enlarged lymph nodes in the neck, armpits or groin. The disease is classified to 2 subtypes
a. Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma (nLPHD)
b. Diffuse lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma (dLPHD)

4. Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cLRHD)
It is also another rare type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, accounted for approximate for 5% of all cases and tends to occur in the age group of 45+ years of age and more in men than women. It is most common to be detected with an enlargement of lymph nodes in the neck, chest or armpits, other lymph nodes and organs.

5. Etc.

Symptoms
1. Enlarge lymph node
Painless enlargement of one or more lymph nodes in the neck and shoulders and chest are often as a result of the malignancy of lymph node cells.
2. Pain
In the later stage of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, lymph nodes in the abdomen may cause pain in the spleen, leading to tenderness and fullness in the abdomen.
3. Fatigue
4. Enlargement of the spleen and of liver
They may be due to infection in the advance stage of the diseases and are presented in about 30% and 5% of all cases accordingly.
5. Pain followed by drinking alcohol
May be due to swelling of the involved nodes or increased pressure in diseased marrow that leads to bone pain.
6. Back Pain
Often happens to the lower back in advance stage patients.
7. B symptoms
The presence or absence of B symptoms is used to determine the stage of Hodgkin’s lymphma
letter A in any stage means no B symptoms are present while letter B indicates otherwise.
a. Weight loss
Unintentional loss of 10% of your body at the onset of Hodgkin’s lymphoma
b. Unexplained fever
Happened several times with no explained cause.
c. Night sweat
Night sweat required to change cloth at night.
8. Itchy skin
Itchy skin in the affect area of lymph nodes.
9. Etc.

Causes and risk factors
A. The causes of Hodgkin’s lymphoma still unknown, but researchers suggested the theories below
1. Infection
According to this theory, Hodgkin’s lymphoma seems to spread from one lymph node group to another, consistent with an infection from an agent such as Epstein-Barr viru.

2. Virus
This theory suggest that infection with the Epstein-Barr virus may trigger Hodgkin’s lymphoma as study found that the Epstein-Barr virus is present in as many as 50 percent of all cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

3. Weakened immune system
One theory suggested that Epstein-Barr virus reduces the immune response of the killer T-cells by preventing them from multiplying. Other studies have suggested that EBV may even cause a mutation in the p53 gene, causing the cancer cell’s to grow relentlessly and uncontrollably. Further research is required to confirm these theories.

4. Etc.

B. Risk factors
1. Weakened immune system
May be due to weakening of B cells and killer T-cells in the immune system.
2. Prolonged use of human growth hormone
Researchers took a hard look at the lifetime medical records of the children who were treated with the human growth hormone between 1959 and 1985 and suggested that taking the old form of hGH significantly increased risk of cancer, especially colon cancer and Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
3. Age
As we mentioned above, young adult are people most at risk of Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
4. Gender
Men is more more likely to develop Hodgkin’s lymphoma
5. Epstein-Barr virus or human herpesvirus 4
People infected with this type of virus are more likely to develop Hodgkin’s lymphoma than are people who haven’t.
6. Geography
Hodgkin’s lymphoma is most common in the United States, Canada and northern Europe but less in Asian countries.
7. Exposure to exotoxins
There is a link that exposure to exotoxins such as Orange agent and Hodgkin’s lymphoma as some of the veterans who fought the Vietnam war are died as the result of the disease.
8. Etc.

Diagnosis and tests
1. Biopsy

Biopsy is the procedure of taking a sample or removing an entire lymph node.from one or more sample from cancerous areas with a thin needle and viewed by specialist(pathologist) under microscope to determine types of malignant cells.

2. Thoracotomy
Thoracotomy is the process of surgery by making of an incision into the chest wall, if cancerous lymph node found in the chest to study the condition of the lungs and surrounding area.

3. Stages testing

To determine the stage of the cancer
a. Blood tests
In Hodgkin’s lyphoma, blood lest is important. In case, surgery is necessary to determine the affects of cancer to the function of bone marrow. A sample of blood is drawn from your vein to determine the number of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin, white blood cells and platelets.

b. Chest X-ray radiographs
A chest X-ray radiograph (X-ray) is impotant for your doctor to visualize tissues, organs and bones that lie beneath the skin of the chest cavity to see any swollen lymph nodes in the chest and if cancer has spread to the lymth nodes in the lung.

c. Computed tomography (CT) of abdomen and Liver

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A CT scan generates a large series of two-dimensional X-ray images taken around a single axis of rotation, to create a three-dimensional picture of the inside of abdomen and the liver in details.The pictures are viewed by your doctor to see the extent of the tumors abnormalities, such as spreading of cancer to the nearby structure and lymph nodes.

d. Bone marrow biopsy

In Hodgon’s lymphima, bone marrow biopsy is important if transplant may sometime is necessary. During this proceure, a small amount of bone marrow, blood and bone are removed through a needle and are examined for signs of cancer.

e. Lymphangiogram

A lymphangiogram is a special x-ray used to chech for any abnormal cells growth or cancerous cells in the lymph nodes and lymph vessels.

f. Liver biopsy
It is a procedure to examine a sample withdrawn from the liver to view inder microscope for nay sign of cancerous cells by either percutaneous, transvenous, and laparoscopic.

g. Positron emission tomography (PET)

The important test for your doctor to determine the location of the cancer. In the procedure, by using the injection a small amount of radioactive glucose into the vein to reveal the location as glucose is become concentrated around cancer cells.

h. Etc.

Stages of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and treatments according to stage of a patient

 

After Hodgkin’s lymphoma is diagnosed, several tests will be used to determine the stage of a patient to determine types of treatment, according to Ann Arbor staging classification
1. Stage I
Cancer is found only in a single lymph node region or a single extra lymphatic site (only one area or organ outside of the lymph nodes).

2. Stage II
Cancers found in two or more lymph node sites and on the same side of the diaphragm or one lymph node area and a contiguous extra-lymphatic site

3. Stage III
Cancers found in lymph node areas on both sides of the diaphragm and may have spread to a contiguous extra-lymphatic organ or site, and may include the spleen.

Stage IV
Cancer have spread over a large area, one or more extra-lymphatic organs.

Prevention
A. How to avoid

1. Avoid vitamin C supplement
Researcher found that taking vitamin C supplement, containing soldium ascorbate can induce a flare-up of Hodgkin’s symptoms.

2. Meats
Diet high in meats is associated with the increased risk of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and worsen the symptoms.

3. Antioxidants
Taking fruits and vegetables enhances the body immune system in fighting against forming of free radical and free radical caused of cancer due to high amount of antioxidants in them.

4. Avoid alcohol
Alcohol not only can exhibit the symptoms but damages the liver, thus suppresing parts of immune system in fighting against diseases.

5. Avoid infection and inflammation
Even though infection or inflammation may not be accepted as a standard cause of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, but since the theories are built in some kinds of evidences, it may be right in futher clincal trials. According to the American Cancer Society, there is a slight increased risk of developing Hodgkin’s disease in those who have first contracted infectious mononucleosis.

6. Smoking
If you can for a optimal health.

7. Etc.

B. Diet

1. Pomegranate

Pomegranate not only is rich in antioxidants such as Polyphenol, which protects the cells from oxidation and contains substances which demonstrate the antibacterial and antiviral effects, but it also contains phytochemincals such as catechins, gallocatechins, and anthocyanins which demonstrates inhibition of cancer cells in some studies.

2. Cruciferous vegetables
Cruciferous vegetables beside contain high amount of phytochemical which is useful in may study in treating estrohen related cancers, it also contain Indole-3-carbinol, a chemical compoud needed for our body to enhances DNA repair, and act as an estrogen antagonist to slow the growth of cancer cells.

3. Leafy greens

Leafy green beside contains high amount of vitamins and minerals needed for our body daily function, it also contains 3,3′-Diindolylmethane which enhances the immune system in anti-viral, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activity.

4. Vegetables and fruits with different colors

Flavoinoids are pigments of the plant to either to attract pollinator animals or to protect the plant against organisms that cause plant disease. In vitro, high experimental concentrations demostrate the stronger antioxidant abilities than those of vitamin C and E. In study, researcher found that flavonoids could also induce mechanisms that may kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor invasion.

5. Etc.

C. Nutritional Supplements

1. Resveratrol

Resveratrol is produced naturally by several plant when under attack by bacteria or fungi. In rat study, researchers found that resveratrol demonstrated anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory effects. There has been many animal studies of resveratrol of the anti-cancer activity, but no human clinical trials for cancer have been reported.

2. Vitamin D
Researcher found that levels have been found to be lower in Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma and to be protective in Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

3. Flavonoids
In vitro, high concentrations of flavonids demonstrate the stronger antioxidant abilities than those of vitamin C and E. In study, researcher found that flavonoids could also induce mechanisms that may kill cancer cells and inhibit tumor invasion.

4. Vitamin A,C,E
Vitamin A,C and E are considered as one of the powerful antioxidants that show scavenging effect in free radical cause of alternation of DNA of cell.

5. Selenium
Selenium is another powerful antioxidant in preventing the free radical cause of DNA mutation of cells. In a laboratory study reported in May 2006 issue of “Annals of Oncology” researchers found that two selenium compounds, methylseleninic acid and selenodiglutathione, may provok cell death in cells from human lymphoma cancers.

6. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
Study found that Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) found in fish oil induces cell death in lymphoma cells.

7. Soy extracts
In some studies, researchers found that genistein, found in soy extracts, induces cell death in lymphoma cells (Baxa DM and Yoshimura FK in 2003).

8. Etc.

Treatments
A. Conventional medicine
Types of the cancer, stage and B symptoms are all taken into consideration to determine the best treatment for a patient
1. Radio therapy
a. Radiation may be used for stages II, III, and IV to kill any cancer cells remaining in the body. By using high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation, radiation therapy kills the cancer cells and keep them from growing or regrowing.
c. Side effects
c.1. Fatigue
c.2. Chest pain
c.3. Heart problem
c.4. Short of breath
c.5. Skin discoloration or pinkness, irritation.
c.6. Etc.
2. chemotherapy
a. Chemotherapy is most use to treat with advance stage of cancer combined with radio therapy, as it has spread to a distant parts of the body by using drugs taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle of the patient to stop the growth of or to kill cancer cells.
b. Side effects
b.1. Nausea
b.2. Vomiting
b.3. Hair loss
b.4. Fatigue
b.5. Anemia
b.6. Mouth sores taste and smell changes
b.7. Infection
b.8. Etc.

3. High-dose therapy for recurrence
a. Drugs used in High-dose chemotherapy therapy are stronger than normal conventional dosage with an objective of killing the recurred cancer cells.
b. Side effects
a. Bone Marrow Destruction
b. Infection
c. Diarrhea
d. Nausea and Vomiting
e. Alopecia
f. Pain
g. Anemia
h. Etc.

B. Herbs
1. Devil’s Claw
Devil’s claw, a sprawling perennial herb, is an herbal remedy that may benefit symptoms of lymphoma cancer, according to a study published in the journal “Current Oncology” in August 2009conducted by K.S. Wilson, M.D.

2. Asparagus Cochinchinensis

Asparagus, is a flowering perennial, a genus Asparagus, belonging to the family Asparagaceae. In rat study, researchers found that astragalus extracts possess cytostatic properties, inhibiting tumor growth and were shown to delay chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.

3. Turmeric

Turmeric, is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant, genus Curcuma, belonging to the family, Zingiberaceae used as a spice and coloring agent. In vitro studies suggest that curcumin acts as a weak phytoestrogen, exhibits neuroprotective, antiproliferative and preventative effects against cancer. In other study by S. Uddin and colleagues, researchers found that curcumin, a component in turmeric, has shown activity against cancer cells and tumors, including lymphoma cancer.

4. Rosy Periwinkle
Posy Periwinkle is a genus of Catharanthus, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. In traditional Chinese medicine, extracts from it have been used to treat numerous diseases, including diabetes, malaria, and Hodgkin’s disease. In study, researchers found that vincristine and vinblastine, chemical compouds of alkaloids inhibit cancer cells in the human body.

5. Myrrh
Myrrh is the dried oleo gum resin of a number of Commiphora species of trees, genus of Commiphora, belonging to family Burseraceae. In some studies, researchers found that some constituents in myrrh, have been shown to be inhibitors of certain cancers.

6. Etc.

C. Chinese Herbs
1. Fu Zi
Fu Zi is also known as Aconite Root. The ht, acrid and toxic herb has been used in TCM as inflammatory, anti cancer and heart stimulating agent and to treat pain and cold in chest and abdomen, profuse sweating, muscle spasm, etc. as it tonifies kidney yang, disperses cold, warms channels and assists heart yang by enhancing the functions of heart, kidney and spleen channels. In some preclinical studies, Fu Zi found to demonstrated anti cancer effect, but none of the chemicals have been evaluated in clinical trials.

2. Ru Xiang
Ru Xiang is also known as Bible Frankincense. The acrid, bitter and warm herb has been used in TCM to spastic muscle, carbuncles, gum bleeding, gingivitis, rheumatoid arthritis, cirrhosis of liver, etc. as it invigorates blood, dispels blood stasis, alleviates pain, promotes movement of qi by enhancing the functions of heart, liver and spleen channels. In some test-tube studies Ru Xiang is suggested to use in support of of patients suffered from cancers.

3. Di Long
Di Long also known as earth worm. The salty and cold herb has been used in TCM as diuretic, antipyreticn sedative and anti-convulsion agent and to treat high fever, spasms, painful joints due to arthritis and paralysis, etc. as it clears heat, disperses wind, calms dyspnea and promotes circulation by enhancing the functions of stomach, bladder, liver, lung and spleen channels. In mice study, researchers found that fibrinolytic enzyme (EFE), is a complex protein enzyme showed suppression of tumor growth property with sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich ascites tumors.

4. Wu Ling Zhi
Wu Ling Zhi is also known as Trogopterus Dung. The sweet, warm and cold herb has been used in TCM to treat painful menses, pain due to absence of menses, postpartum infection and pain, angina, uterine bleeding, etc. as it moves blood, calms pain, clears blood accumulation and stops bleeding by enhancing the function of liver channels. A report from China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2006-07 showed that Radix ex Rhizoma Ginseng and Trogopterus Dung inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of tumor cell.

6. Ma Qian Zi
Ma Qian Zi is also known as Nux Vomica. The bitter, cold and bitter herb has been used in TCM to treat tuberculosis, cervical erosion, difficulty in swallowing, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, depression, migraine, menopausal syndrome, etc. as it promotes circulation in channels circulation, dissolves nodules, dissolves edema and calms pain by enhancing the functions of liver and spleen channels. In vitro, researchers at the Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine examined the effect of each of Nux Vomica four alkaloids: brucine, brucine N-oxide, isostrychnine and strychnine found that nux vomica extract was effective in slowing the spread and kill liver tumor cells.

7. Etc.
For other cancers or health articles, please visit http://medicaladvisorjournals.blogspot.com/

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kyle J. Norton – I have been studying natural remedies for disease prevention for over 20 years and working as a financial consultant since 1990. Health Researcher and Article Writer. Master in Mathematics and BA in World Literature and Literary criticism


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How long does it take for skin cancer to kill someone if left untreated?

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Question by Eri: How long does it take for skin cancer to kill someone if left untreated?
Just curious. I always hear about and have know people who died from skin cancer, but they were going through treatment. How long would it take for skin cancer to kill someone if they had no treatment? I know everyone is different, but what would be an estimate. And what symptoms would they show?

Best answer:

Answer by Mr. Sunshine
Melanoma, less than a year. Other skin cancers multiple years.

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Marijuana Heals Cancer …Cannabinoid Receptors In The Human Body

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BBC special on Cannabinoid Receptors…below an article by Steve Kubby, Sierra Times …A new study published in Nature Reviews-Cancer provides an historic and detailed explanation about how THC and natural cannabinoids counteract cancer, but preserve normal cells. It is hard to believe that the knowledge that cannabis can be used to fight cancer has been suppressed for almost thirty years , yet it seems likely that it will continue to be suppressed. Why? According to Cowan, the answer is because it is a threat to cannabis prohibition . “If this article and its predecessors from 2000 and 1974 were the only evidence of the suppression of medical cannabis, then one might perhaps be able to rationalize it in some herniated way. However, there really is massive proof that the suppression of medical cannabis represents the greatest failure of the institutions of a free society, medicine, journalism, science, and our fundamental values,” Cowan notes. Millions of people have died horrible deaths and in many cases, families exhausted their savings on dangerous, toxic and expensive drugs. Now we are just beginning to realize that while marijuana has never killed anyone, marijuana prohibition has killed millions. FAIR USE NOTICE: Thisvideo may contain copyrighted material. Such material is made available for educational purposes only. This constitutes a ‘fair use’ of any such copyrighted material as provided for in Title 17 USC section 107 of the US Copyright Law

TRÊS NOVAS TEORIAS QUE TENTAM MOSTRAR COMO O CANCER COMEÇA
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How long can you live with gastric cancer in 4th stage, spread to liver lungs pancreas?

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Question by Mag: How long can you live with gastric cancer in 4th stage, spread to liver lungs pancreas?
My husband’s father has been diagnosed with gastric cancer. The doctors cannot do much – pretty much nothing, could not offer even chemo and gave him no chances. How long can you live with cancer in its 4th stage? The doctors said a few months maybe a year, but did not really want to talk about it.
Do you know anybody that has lived years with it?

Best answer:

Answer by Pandora
There is no way of saying. They can’t give you a definite answer. My aunt was told 6 months to live without treatment other then pain meds for her lung cancer…she lived for 18 months. The doctors told my mother 6 months to a year and she was gone in a month…my father was gone in 3 they couldn’t give us any time frame for him because he had advanced pancreatic cancer. Just enjoy the time you have left with him.

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Ten Suggestions To Aid Combating Breast Cancer Simply

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Ten Suggestions To Aid Combating Breast Cancer Simply

Article by Alex Rich









That is a great idea so that you can evaluate all the pursuing ideas for preventing breast cancer. This kind of will assist you to are more more comfortable with their particular articles and also benefit. You will need to make note of in which although these guidelines are usually smart ideas they may be simply designed to lessen (not necessarily remove) the chance regarding cancer malignancy. There are numerous other items (genetic makeup and also enviromentally friendly aspects to call a couple of) in which give rise to cancer malignancy chance, yet these kinds of life-style alternatives offer you several handle on the factors it is possible to modify and also allow you to far better steer clear of cancer malignancy.

1. Beverage Teas : In accordance with scientific scientific studies, a single special gain in which teas provides is always to combat and/or lessen your odds of acquiring cancer malignancy. Teas users are usually reported to be a lesser amount of more likely to acquire cancer malignancy as compared to non-drinkers. This is validated simply by several scientific scientific studies; teas will be very well-known and contains recently been for a long time today. Inside Cina, teas will be ingested due to its healing rewards now, a lot more customers throughout the planet are usually sampling the particular amazing green tea. The particular polyphenol articles regarding teas efficiently combat cancer malignancy tissues coming from creating, in addition, it includes soluble fiber, which usually adheres to be able to toxic compounds and also aids whisk these from the physique.

2. Chew more Walnuts : Study implies a couple of Helpings regarding walnuts daily may well retain cancer malignancy from increasing. By stuffing my face with a couple of oz of. regarding tasty walnuts, it is possible to lead capture pages errant tissues due to anti-cancer ingredients within pine. Any offering each day can hamper breast-cancer progress around 50%, good U . s . Initiate regarding Cancer malignancy study.

3. Espresso beans are usually Healthy Also : Females which take in espresso beans and also lentils use a large loss of creating breast cancer in comparison to females which seldom take in these, according to a report inside the Global Log regarding Cancer malignancy (2005; 114: 628-33). It takes merely 1/2 pot offering regarding espresso beans daily to lessen the breast cancer chance by way of a monstrous 30%.

4. Aspirin : A fresh study greater than some, 000 females identified to own breast cancer unveils in which using aspirin on a regular basis is available to be able to significantly increase tactical and also lower the possibility regarding repeat, in accordance with a report printed inside the Log regarding Scientific Oncology.

5. Take pleasure in Soy : Study demonstrates ingesting soy may well a bit reduce your chance regarding breast cancer.

6. Once you study information regarding breast cancer, be sure to receive details by means of reliable sources. If you are usually going through health conditions of most sorts, you need to be determined by health professionals plus the latest study to offer that you simply excellent comprehension of items you should locate realize. Despite the fact that many recommendations on breast cancer could have many information, always lookup for time final results, and it’s also furthermore a good idea to learn just what a medical doctor provides designed to your wellbeing. These records has to be distributed to females within your household, in order that they realize they may be with an elevated chance, and may look closely at their particular busts well being with a youthful age group.

7. Take in The Broccoli : Sure, ingesting broccoli can help lessen your odds of acquiring breast cancer. It is known being one of the better greens in which struggle several conditions. Due to huge nutritional articles within this kind of veg, that reigns substantial one of several berry and also veg section regarding cancer malignancy combating. Without doubt, it really is identified throughout the world in which broccoli gives a lot more nutritional Chemical in comparison to fruit. In addition, that boasts a great deal of calcium mineral you will get inside dairy. A fresh study displays the way in which successful broccoli will be: teenagers ingesting only 1 stalk regarding broccoli each week were 40% improbable to produce breast cancer. Just how in case you take in the broccoli: natural or perhaps grilled? Food preparation can remove isothiocyanates which usually rev upwards the liver organ so that you can slow up the outcomes regarding cancerous carcinogens; concurrently, inside well prepared broccoli you may break down plenty of indoles in which lessen cancer malignancy simply by helping your system to be able to break down hgh. As a result, natural broccoli or perhaps grilled equally may help combat the particular scourge breast cancer.

8. Observe the surroundings your geographical area and also assist a lot more of your give attention to the grade of sun and rain in which help living. As an example, in the event you dring h2o from your water fountain at the job, talk with the particular servicing particular person and discover just how usually they will modify the particular filtration systems. In the event the h2o will be sent verify medical department’s ranking with the business in which offers the lake. In the home, modify the air conditioning equipment filtration systems month to month or perhaps since advised from the maker. Will not acquire your quality of life regarding of course.Observe the surroundings your geographical area and also assist a lot more of your give attention to the grade of sun and rain in which help living. As an example, in the event you dring h2o from your water fountain at the job, talk with the particular servicing particular person and discover just how usually they will modify the particular filtration systems. In the event the h2o will be sent verify medical department’s ranking with the business in which offers the lake. In the home, modify the air conditioning equipment filtration systems month to month or perhaps since advised from the maker. Will not acquire your quality of life regarding of course.

9. Demolish Negative Excess fat From the Eating habits : Minimize practically all damaging fatty acids. Females ingesting plenty of trans fatty acids are generally 2 times since susceptible to have problems with breast cancer since females which take in the smallest amount of. Trans fatty acids stop the actions regarding digestive enzymes in which breakdown cancerous carcinogens. Females that have an eating plan an excellent source of excess fat may boost their particular potential for acquiring breast cancer once you more mature, point out research workers. A report greater than 13, 000 females coming from Norfolk found that females which ingested one of the most fats : just like people within chocolates cafes, snack foods and also take out : have been practically doubly susceptible to produce cancer malignancy, contrary to those who had the littlest sum. Quite a few scientific studies have got did not set up a website link among excess fat and also breast cancer, even so; research workers mention in which the sort of foods questionnaire employed by earlier researchers may have disguised the situation. It really is plainly identified in which carrying excess fat enhances the possibility regarding breast cancer, yet this kind of study items the particular little finger with oily food items specifically.

10. Perform In which Physique : Aid support preventing breast cancer simply by training to regulate too much estrogen. Scientific studies declare that doing exercises for approximately 3 to 5 hrs each week minimize the chance by 50 percent regarding breast cancer, by just reducing tumor-promoting estrogen within your system. Females which take part in possessing above half a dozen hrs regarding challenging fun workout have been 23% a lot more improbable to own breast cancer in comparison to sedentary females, the investigation displays. Doing exercises generally seems to aid females, no matter age group. Nonetheless, the particular benefits have been simply noticed in people who have simply no genealogy and family history regarding breast cancer. The analysis will not demonstrate in which exercising single-handedly remove breast cancer and even illustrate precisely how doing exercises may well lessen breast cancer chance. The outcome regarding training about human hormones and also fat will help, research workers indicate.

It really is my own honest desire this kind of set of breast cancer therapy details will probably be beneficial to an individual and also your friends and relations.



About the Author

Alex Rich, an author and Internet marketing consultant, volunteers his services to the Jennie Yoon Buchanan M.D. Breast Cancer Fund. The fund provides free mammogram services in need.










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Cancer Causes and Risk Factors

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by timtak

Cancer Causes and Risk Factors

What Causes Cancer?

Does age, race, sex, smoking, and environment cause certain types of cancer to form in people? There are over 100 different types of cancer. The abnormal cancer cell growth multiplies and invades other parts of the organs and body.

When cancer cells grow at abnormal speed, the body becomes weak, good cells become depleted, immune system and oxygen supply become low. It only makes the body more vulnerable to virus and infections.

Age: There are not enough evidence to support the fact that older people have higher risk of getting cancer. There are only hypothesis that older people’s cells are less vibrant than younger people and more vulnerable to the disease.

Race: Are there any race that are more susceptible to developing certain type of cancer? There is speculations that skin cancer is more to the Black people because the dark color absorbs the sun faster.

Race: Are there any race that are more susceptible to developing certain type of cancer? There is speculations that skin cancer is more to the Black people because the dark color absorbs the sun faster.

Sex: Breast cancer can be found among women, men, and children as young as ten years old. It is more common in older women.

Smoking: Can smoking cause cancer? We know that it is bad for you. The answer is no. There are many toxic substance inside the cigarette and inhaling it is harmful. But there are people who smoke for decades and are living.

Environment: We have heard about how water supply in some area can cause health damage. But is there enough evidence and study to support that water supply causes cancer? People who have low immune system have higher risk of getting all sorts of virus, disease, including cancer.

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What causes cancer in people is a concern that most people want to know. Every year, money and time is poured into research and studies. How to find cures for cancer, types of cancer, and best cancer treatment centers are sort by people world wide.

Cancer Facts:

Basic Information You Need To Know.

Cancer facts that need to be addressed are as follow:

Cancer is a word we all hear used quite frequently to describe our own or another persons medical condition. Many erroneously believe that cancer is a single disease. However, one of the more interesting cancer facts is that the term cancer is actually a classification of several different types of diseases, rather than a single disease in and of itself.

The common denominator between cancerous diseases is the abnormal growth of cells, which results in tumors and other problems that strain the bodys natural systems. If you have ever found yourself asking what cancer is, the simplest explanation is an abnormal growth of cells, however, cancer diseases are not always that simple.

Having been diagnosed with cancer, or having a loved one diagnosed, there are some basic cancer facts and related cancer information you will find yourself well acquainted with by the time your cancer journey is over.

First, the good news is that cancer survival rates are good, especially when caught and treated early. The sooner abnormal cancer cells are found and stopped, the sooner healing can begin and the better overall outcome. However, getting from Point A (diagnosis) to Point B (cure) varies depending on your specific type of cancer. Some traits are common in all cancers, while there are also differences such as responses to conventional treatments.

Normal human cells are preprogrammed to divide at a certain rate and die when they wear out. When inherited genes are triggered or carcinogens are introduced, cells are transformed becoming abnormal. This is one of the few universal facts about cancer. Oncogens, the genes that promote cancers cause cells to grow and divide faster and may override a cells preprogrammed death. Tumor suppressor genes further complicate the problem by becoming inactive in these oncogen-hyped cells. Without active tumor suppressor genes, cells no longer replicate themselves according to the correct DNA information, resulting in cells that adhere in multiple tissue environments. These abnormalities are what cause cancer to spread or metastasize.

In educating yourself about cancer facts, treatment options will be a huge focus, secondary to diagnosis. Early signs such as lumps, swelling, bleeding, or pain help identify cancers early enough for effective intervention through medication or radiation. However, more advanced stage symptoms such as cough, weight loss, poor appetite, anemia, or fatigue are usually what propel patients to the doctor, often when the cancer has had ample time to spread. The latest cancer research and cancer statistics, while showing a marked improvement in survival rates, indicates more can be done to treat cancer earlier.

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Anna W. supports alternative, holistic, and natural cancer treatments. Being a second time around cancer patient, she knows the side effects of conventional medicine. She believes in changing the diet and lifestyle in order to heal and prevent cancer.

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Colorectal Cancer Treatment In India At Mumbai And Delhi At Low Cost

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Colorectal Cancer Treatment In India At Mumbai And Delhi At Low Cost

Article by Pankaj Nagpal









What Is Colorectal Cancer (Colon and Rectal Cancer)?

Colorectal cancer is a term used to refer to cancer that starts in the colon or rectum. Colon and rectal cancers begin in the digestive system, also called the GI (gastrointestinal) system. This is where food is processed to create energy and rid the body of solid waste matter (stool).

After food is chewed and swallowed, it travels down to the stomach. There it is partly broken down and sent to the small intestine. The word “small” refers to the width of the small intestine. The small intestine is really the longest part of the digestive system. It is about 20 feet long.

The small intestine continues breaking down the food and absorbs most of the nutrients. The small intestine joins the large intestine (also called the large bowel or colon), a muscular tube about five feet long. The first part of the colon absorbs water and nutrients from the food and also serves as a storage place for waste matter. The waste matter moves from the colon into the rectum, the last 6 inches of the digestive system. From there the waste passes out of the body through the opening called the anus.

The colon has 4 sections, as shown in the picture above. Cancer can start in any of the 4 sections or in the rectum. The wall of each of these sections (and rectum) has several layers of tissues. Cancer starts in the inner layer and can grow through some or all of the other layers. Knowing a little about these layers is helpful because the stage (extent of spread) of a cancer depends to a great degree on which of these layers it affects.

Cancer that starts in the different areas may cause different symptoms. But colon cancer and rectal cancer, together known as colorectal cancer, have many features in common. They will be discussed together in this document except for the section about treatment. There they will each be discussed separately.

In most cases, colorectal cancers develop slowly over a period of several years. We now know that most of these cancers begin as a polyp–a growth of tissue that starts in the lining and grows into the center of the colon or rectum. A type of polyp known as an adenoma can become cancerous. Removing the polyp early may prevent it from becoming cancer.

Over 95% of colon and rectal cancers are adenocarcinomas. These are cancers of the cells that line the inside of the colon and rectum. There are some other, more rare, types of tumors of the colon and rectum, but the facts given here refer only to adenocarcinomas.

Causes of colorectal cancer

There is no single cause of colorectal cancer, but some factors appear to increase the risk of developing it : -1. age – particularly after 50.2. having polyps (small growths on the inner wall of the colon and rectum).3. family history of colorectal cancer – especially if the relative (parent, sibling, child) developed colorectal cancer before the age of 45.4. having familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNCC).5. inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease).6. high-fat diet.7. alcohol consumption.8. smoking.9. physical inactivity.10. obesity.11. ethnic background – people of Ashkenazi (Eastern European Jewish) descent.• Researchers are also looking at how diet affects the risk of developing colorectal cancer. A diet high in vegetables and fruit is known to lower risk. A diet high in fiber and low in animal fats also seems to decrease risk, but more research is necessary to be sure. • Some people develop colorectal cancer without any of these risk factors.

Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer (Colon and Rectal Cancer)

The following are the most common symptoms of colorectal cancer. However, each person may experience symptoms differently : -1. A change in bowel habits-such as diarrhea, constipation, or narrowing of the stool-that lasts for more than a few days.2. Bright red or very dark blood in the stool.3. Discomfort in the stomach area, such as frequent gas pain, cramps, and feelings of being full or bloated.4. Constant weakness and fatigue.5. Jaundice – yellowing of the skin and eyes.6. Weight loss for no known reason.

The diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer (Colon and Rectal Cancer)

The first step in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer may be a “digital rectal exam.” In this test, which is often part of a routine physical exam, the doctor inserts a gloved finger into the rectum to feel for abnormal growths and may test your stool for occult blood. If colorectal cancer is suspected, you and your doctor have many tests to choose from to make sure the diagnosis is correct. Since there is a wide range of options, knowing the differences can help you make a smart decision.

Before these tests (except the fecal occult blood test), your colon must be completely empty. To clean out your bowels before the procedure, you may be instructed to have an enema or drink a large volume of a liquid laxative prescribed by your doctor. This preparation is very important in ensuring the accuracy of the test.

Fecal occult blood test : – In this simple, initial screening test for colorectal cancer, a stool sample is applied to a special card that turns color if any blood is detected.

Barium enema : – A narrow tube is inserted into the rectum to allow liquid barium (a white, chalky liquid) into the colon. A special x-ray is then taken, on which tumors or masses appear as dark shadows. The barium makes it easier to see the tumors. Before this test, you will be told to fast (not eat or drink) for several hours.

Flexible sigmoidoscopy : – A thin, lighted tube inserted into the rectum allows the doctor to look into the rectum and first section of the colon (where half of all polyps are found).

Colonoscopy : – The most accurate and thorough test for colorectal cancer (colon and rectal cancer). A long, thin, lighted tube inserted into the rectum allows the doctor to look into the entire colon, remove polyps, and take tissue for biopsy. Polyp removal will prevent cancer from developing. A mild sedative is usually given with this test.

Ultrasound : – This noninvasive test uses images and sound waves to take a picture of the inside of the body. Unusual patterns in this image can indicate a mass or tumor. This test is used primarily to find cancer that has already spread to other organs.

Virtual colonoscopy (CT colonography) : – This test creates a 3-dimensional reconstruction of the colon to reveal any abnormal masses. Images are taken seconds after the colon is inflated with carbon dioxide through a small rectal tube. Virtual colonoscopy is a fairly new technology, so it is not yet clear how accurate it is.

Treatment options for Colorectal Cancer in India : – Treatment options for colorectal cancer depend on the stage of the tumor-that is, how far it has spread or how deeply it is affecting the intestinal wall and other tissues. Treatment is also determined by the patient’s age, medical history, overall health, and tolerance for specific medications and therapies. Standard options for colorectal cancer treatment in India include : -

1. Partial colectomy for colorectal cancer in India (also called partial bowel resection)-The tumor and normal tissue on either side of the diseased area in the colon are removed. The surgeon then reconnects the healthy colon. Sometimes the physician may have to create a temporary colostomy, or an opening for solid waste from the bowel to a special bag a patient wears outside the body, until the healthy tissue has healed. At times, the colostomy is permanent.2. Laparoscopic surgery or keyhole surgery for colorectal cancer in India -Small tube-like instruments and an extremely small camera are inserted into the abdomen through incisions made in the abdominal wall. The surgeon sees what the camera sees on a television-type screen and can cut out a large section of the bowel and adjacent tissue, called the mesentery.3. Radiation therapy for colorectal cancerin India – High-energy radiation is used to kill cancer cells. Radiation may be used in conjunction with surgery as definitive therapy, or may be used to reduce, or palliate, the symptoms of colorectal cancer such as pain, bleeding, or blockage. Radiation therapy is usually delivered as external-beam radiation. Radiation comes from outside the patient’s body and is directed onto the cancer and surrounding tissues.4. Chemotherapy for colorectal cancer in India -Drugs are given intravenously or orally to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy is often given to decrease the chance of the tumor returning elsewhere in the body. Like radiation therapy, chemotherapy can ease disease symptoms and increase length of survival for patients with tumors that have spread.



About the Author

Pankaj Nagpal – About the Author:Welcome to World Class Treatment and Surgery by We Care Health Services, India. Contact Us : http://www.indiahospital tour.com || E-mail us on : info@indiahospitaltour.com || Contact Center Tel. :( +91) 9029304141. The surgery and medical treatments offered by We Care Health Services at JCI Accredited / ISO Certified Hospitals are vast and varied; ranging from Heart Surgery in India, Cardiology to Cardio Thoracic surgery, Total Knee / Hip / Ankle / Shoulder Joint Replacement Surgery in India including ACL reconstruction Surgery to Birmingham Hip Resurfacing Surgery in India , Spine Surgery in India like Discectomy / Laminectomy Surgery, Cervical Decompression to Anterior / Posterior Spinal Fusion Surgery in India, Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Cancer surgery, Sterotactic Radiotherapy, Autologous / Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplant Surgery to Breast Cancer treatments, Near relative Kidney Transplant Surgery to Dialysis and Kidney Biopsy, Low Cost Liver Transplants Surgery, Hysterectomy (Vaginal / Abdominal) to Ovarian Cystectomy, Hernia repair Surgery to Cholecystectomy, Advanced Neurosurgery in India, Bariatric surgery, Gastric Bypass Surgery in India, Eye Surgery in India, Cornea Transplant, Cataract Surgery to LASIK Eye care Surgery, IVF, ICSI, Egg Donor to Surrogacy, Minimally Invasive surgery or Laparoscopic Surgery to Cochlear Implants, Breast Lift / Tummy Tuck, Face Lift to Low Cost Rhinoplasty Cosmetic Surgery, multi specialty Hospitals in India offering first world treatments with board certified highly qualified medical consultants in attendance at third world prices..










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Q&A: How can Taurus and Cancer start a relationship if neither sign with initiate anything?

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Question by aag630: How can Taurus and Cancer start a relationship if neither sign with initiate anything?
I’m a Cancer woman and have strong compatibility and attraction with a Taurus acquaintance, but both of our signs our notorious for waiting around for the other person to make the first move. What should I do?

Best answer:

Answer by Leah
start by with friendship. Taurus’s love security! this will ease both of you into a relationship. if you’re already past this stage, suggest a low-key lunch. the way to a Taurus’s heart is through indulgence, especially food. lunch is always more casual than a dinner date, so there won’t be as much pressure.

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